News

There was a Policeman in the water saving a dog from drowning.

Unions suspended bank holiday rail strike, Ex-royal aide Jane Andrews released from prison.

IS Seizes Control Of Ancient City Of Palmyra

1. Unions suspended bank holiday rail strike
2. Ex-royal aide Jane Andrews released from prison
3. IS Seizes Control Of Ancient City Of Palmyra
4. There was a Policeman in the water saving a dog from drowning.

Woman (Kay Burley) 54 years old

A newsreader / presenter is a person who presents news during a news program on television. Their role is always to inform their audiences by presenting information and/or entertainment in an accessible and attractive way.

These are just a few examples of skills needed; 

1. To have an attractive, strong personality, being naturally outgoing and confident 
2. Enjoy contact with an audience and with people in general
3. Be able to communicate effectively and have a good understanding of the whole production process
4. Have excellent written and oral communication and presentation skills

News ordering is what order the news will be in to keep the audience watching, listening and keep them interested until the end of the broadcast. The term for a list of broadcasts is called a running order. The story that will appear first is called the lead story as it is the most important story to all the other stories and the other stories that follow the lead one are ranked in terms to interest to the audience. They round up these news stories towards the end of the broadcast. The last story is known as an "and finally" story which is lighter news than the others. Because news changes all the time you need to be ready for any changes that can be made to fit in the broadcast so the reporters and director will need to think of how to change things around it. A slow news day is when news editors publish trivial stories due to the lack of more substantial topics.

News Value	Description
Negativity	Bad news - involving death, tragedy, bankruptcy, violence, damage, natural disasters, political upheaval or simply extreme weather conditions - is always rated above 'positive' stories (royal weddings, celebrations etc)
Closeness to home (Proximity)	Audiences supposedly relate more to stories that are close to them geographically, or involve people from their country, or those that are reported that way(eg '12 Hong Kongers aboard Australia Crash Plane'). News gatekeepers must consider carefully how meaningful a story will be to their particular audience
Recency	Newspapers are very competitive about breaking news - about revealing stories as they happen. 24 hour news channels such as CNN and BBC World also rate this value very highly. However, as we have seen with the events of September 11, stories may take a while to develop, and become coherent, so recency is not always the best value to rate.
Currency	This is almost opposite to recency, in that stories that have been in the public eye for some time already are deemed valuable. Therefore a story - for instance about the abduction and murder of a child - may run for weeks and weeks, even if nothing new really happens.
Continuity	Events that are likely to have a continuing impact (a war, a two week sports tournament) have a high value when the story breaks, as they will develop into an ongoing narrative which will get audiences to 'tune in tomorrow'.
Uniqueness	'Dog Bites Man' is not a story. 'Man Bites Dog' is. Any story which covers a unique or unusual event (two-headed elephant born to Birmingham woman) has news values
Simplicity	Obvious, but true. Stories which are easy to explain ('Cat stuck up tree') are preferred over stories which are not (anything to do with the Balkan or Palestinian conflicts)
Personality	Stories that centre around a particular person, because they can be presented from a 'human interest' angle, are beloved of newspapers, particularly if they involve a well-known person. Some say this news value has become distorted, and that news organisations over-rate personality stories, particularly those involving celebrities ('Kate Middleton Goes Shopping'). What do you think?
Expectedness (Predictability)	Does the event match the expectations of a news organisation and its audience? Or, has what was expected to happen (violence at a demonstration, horrific civilian casualties in a terrorist attack) actually happened? If a news story conforms to the preconceived ideas of those covering it, then it has expectedness as an important news value
Elite Nations Or People	Any story which covers an important, powerful nation (or organisation) has greater news values than a story which covers a less important nation. The same goes for people. Barack and Michelle Obama are newsworthy whatever they do.
Exclusivity	Also a major factor when setting the news agenda. If a newspaper or news programme is the first and only news organisation breaking a story, then they will rate that very highly. The UK Sunday papers are very fond of exclusives, and will often break a story of national or international importance that no one else has.
Size	does matter when it comes to news stories. The bigger impact a story has, the more people it affects, the more money/resources it involves, the higher its value. This is also known as threshold

Bias through selection and omission: With a story some details can be ignored or they can be included to give the viewers a different opinion and view on the report.  The editor can express a bias by choosing to use or not to use a specific news item For example, if people boo during one of President Clinton's speeches, the booing can be described as "remarks greeted by jeers" or the boos can be ignored as "a handful of people who disagree".

Bias through placement: Where the story is placed is based on what importance somebody thinks it has. Readers of papers judge first page stories to be more significant than those buried in the back. TV and radio reports run stories that draw ratings first and then they leave the less appealing for later to fill time.

Bias by headline: Headlines are the must-read as they are placed on the front and in bold so it stands out to readers because many people read only headlines of a news item which are made to grab their attention as the headlines are short and brief.

Bias by photos, captions, and camera angles: Pictures can make people look different to what they actually are. Photos newspapers choose to use can heavily influence the public's perception of a person or event as they can be misleading. Names and captions often use labels or titles to describe someone in a story.

Bias through use of names and titles: News often use titles to describe people, places, and events. In many places around the world, one person's friend is another person's enemy. For example, a person can be called an "ex-con" or be referred to as someone who
"served time twenty years ago for a minor offense."

Bias by choice of words:  People can be influenced by the use of positive or negative words on a topic or a person such as 'terrorist' or 'murderer'. Also the tone in what a news presenter uses can influence people when they say certain words.